UX Glossary | M

MoSCoW analysis

Also: MoSCoW method, MoSCoW prioritisation

A method that sorts requirements into Must, Should, Could and Will not have, so scope is agreed before work starts.

Must have Fails without it Should have Has a workaround Could have Cheap to drop Will not have Written down Login Checkout Search Export PDF Dark mode Voice control Test: ship without it, would it still do its job? Must Should Could Won't Login Checkout Search Export Dark mode Voice Must: fails without itShould: has a workaroundCould: cheap to dropWon't: written down, not now Test: ship without it, would it still do its job?
MoSCoW analysis Six requirements all start as Musts. Asking whether the product would still do its job without each one moves four of them down, and one is ruled out in writing.

MoSCoW sorts a list of requirements into four buckets: Must have, Should have, Could have and Will not have this time. The lowercase o’s are there only to make the acronym pronounceable. The method was devised by Dai Clegg and became a standard part of DSDM, an agile delivery framework.

What each bucket means

A Must is something without which the release is pointless or unsafe. A Should is important but there is a workaround. A Could is a nice improvement that costs little if dropped. The fourth bucket is the underrated one: writing down what is explicitly out of scope for now saves a great deal of argument later, because a decision exists on paper.

A useful test

Ask of every Must: if we shipped without it, would the product still do its job? If yes, it is a Should. Applied honestly, that question shrinks most Must lists by a third.

Common mistake

Everything ends up as a Must, usually because the loudest stakeholder is in the room and nobody wants the conversation. A list that is all Musts is not prioritised, it is a wish list with a label. Agree the rule for what qualifies before anyone starts sorting.

MoSCoW ranks by necessity, not by value or cost, so it pairs well with an impact-effort matrix or the RICE method when you need an order within a bucket. It is also a fast way to define the scope of an MVP.

Knowing the words is the easy part.

If you'd rather have someone apply them to your product, that's what I do.